Located in the centre of the Red River Delta, Hai Duong province is among seven localities of the northern key economic region. It is viewed as a dynamic economic centre and an important driving force of the northern region and the whole country.

The province has 12 administrative units, including two cities, one town and nine districts, with Hai Duong city being its economic, political, and cultural centre.

Hai Duong covers an area of 1,668 sq.km and belongs to the monsoon tropical zone. Average temperature was at 25.3 degree Celsius in 2019, with a total of 1,549 hours of sunshine. Average rainfall stood at 104.6 mm per month and average humidity at 84 percent in the year.